INTRODUCTION |
Simone:Hello everyone and welcome to Lower Beginner, season 2, lesson 25, Are You Having Trouble Sleeping in Hungary? I’m Simone. |
Csaba:And I’m Csaba. |
Simone:In this lesson of our series, we’re going to learn about Hungarian conditionals. |
Csaba:The conversation takes place in Anne’s apartment complex. |
Simone:Where Anne is talking to one of the maintenance people. |
Csaba:They use the formal language. |
Simone:Let’s listen to the conversation. |
POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
Csaba:This is somewhat unrealistic. In Hungary, it is really hard to find these maintenance people anymore. |
Simone:What do you mean? Why? |
Csaba:Well, many of them are really hard to schedule with, painting and plumbing and all these are busy jobs nowadays. A huge chunk of the blue-collar workforce is moving west, to Great Britain and Germany. |
Simone:I’ve heard about that. I guess it is just understandable during the years of the financial crisis. |
Csaba:Exactly. Their salaries are somewhat better now at home too, but it is nothing compared to Western Europe. |
Simone:So once you manage to schedule a job, try to stick to it. |
Csaba:Absolutely. |
Simone:All right, let’s go to the vocabulary now. |
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
Simone:All right, what is the first word of the day? |
Csaba:Ugye. This word works the same way as the “right?” in the end of a sentence. |
Simone:Let’s hear it in practice. |
Csaba:Te is kérsz, ugye? |
Simone:“You’d like some too, right?” |
Csaba:Te is kérsz, ugye? |
Simone:Is it always the end of the sentence? |
Csaba:No, not at all. You know that in Hungarian word order is not as strict as in English. |
Simone:Let’s hear another example then. |
Csaba:Ugye te is amerikai vagy? |
Simone:“You’re American too, right?” |
Csaba:Ugye te is amerikai vagy? |
Simone:All right, let’s move on. |
Csaba:The next word is muszáj. It means “have to, must.” |
Simone:Let’s use it in a sentence. |
Csaba:Holnap muszáj dolgoznom. |
Simone:“I must work tomorrow.” |
Csaba:Holnap muszáj dolgoznom. |
Simone:If you negate it, you get “don’t have to” and not “mustn’t,” right? |
Csaba:That is correct. Listen to this: Nem muszáj kifizetned. |
Simone:“You don’t have to pay for it.” |
Csaba:Nem muszáj kifizetned. Kifizetned is “for you to pay for it.” |
Simone:All right. I’m getting dead tired of these explanations. |
Csaba:Wonderful segue. |
Simone:The next word we’ll learn is “dead tired.” |
Csaba:Hullafáradt. It is a compound noun, hulla is “corpse” and fáradt is “tired.” |
Simone:Let’s put it in a sentence. |
Csaba:Hullafáradt vagyok, nem aludtam. |
Simone:“I’m dead tired, I didn’t sleep.” |
Csaba:Hullafáradt vagyok, nem aludtam. |
Simone:Me neither. Let’s go to grammar, before we fall asleep! |
GRAMMAR POINT |
Simone:In this lesson we’re going to learn the conditional. |
Csaba:At least in the first part of this grammar anyway. |
Simone:What are conditional sentences and when do we use them? |
Csaba:In this lesson, we’re going to start with a couple of ready made examples, than explain the grammar. |
Simone:The first use is creating hypothetical situations. Like the English sentence: “I’d be glad if you dropped by.” |
Csaba:Örülnék, ha beugranál. |
Simone:Say again, and please give extra emphasis to the conditional ending. |
Csaba:Örülnék, ha beugranál. Both of these verbs are conditional. |
Simone:All right, what other situations do we use them in? |
Csaba:The second use is polite requests. |
Simone:For example: “Could you explain this again?” |
Csaba:Elmagyarázná meg egyszer? |
Simone:Again, please. |
Csaba:Elmagyarázná meg egyszer? This sentence sounds formal. |
Simone:So, hypothetical situations and polite requests. |
Csaba:Also asking for permission: Használhatnám a telefonját? |
Simone:“May I use your phone?” |
Csaba:Használhatnám a telefonját? |
Simone:Is there anything else? |
Csaba:Yes, you also express your heart’s desires using this construction. Last week we had Bárcsak ne esne! |
Simone:“If only it didn’t rain!” Say that again, please. |
Csaba:Bárcsak ne esne! |
Simone:All right, and how do we conjugate these? |
Csaba:Basically, you want to get an infinitive from the dictionary. Take zavarni. |
Simone:“To bother.” |
Csaba:Than you cut off the -ni ending, so zavarni becomes zavar. |
Simone:Then you look at the conjugation table, I guess. |
Csaba:Yes, and attach the ending you need for the given person. For first person, the ending is -nék. |
Simone:So “I’d bother” is... |
Csaba:Zavarnék. What you have to keep in mind is that there is definite and indefinite conjugation here as well and the vowel harmony still rules. So to speak. |
Simone:Very good Csaba. Where do we find the endings? |
Csaba:In the lesson notes, as usual. We encourage you to look up the table and play around with it a bit. |
Outro
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Simone:That’s the last lesson in this series, but we’ll see you in our next series. Thanks everyone! |
Csaba:Sziasztok! |
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