Learn about negation and double negatives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Simone: Hi everyone and welcome to HungarianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, season 2, lesson 21, Make Sure You Carry a Towel if You’re in Hungary at Easter! I’m Simone. |
| Csaba: And I’m Csaba. |
| Simone: In this lesson you're going to learn negation, and what to say at Easter. |
| Csaba: The conversation takes place in Anne’s apartment. |
| Simone: Between Anne and Balázs. |
| Csaba: They use informal language. |
| Simone: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Simone: So Czaba, what's the Easter holiday like in Hungary? |
| Csaba: Nowadays unfortunately a lot of people try to get out of it. But traditionally you basically walk up to a girl, say one of the Easter limericks and then spray cologne on them. For this, you get a chocolate egg or rabbit. |
| Simone: That's an interesting tradition. |
| Csaba: In the olden days, it was a lot more fun. Guys would splash buckets of cold water on girls, and there would be hand-painted eggs. |
| Simone: Well, that's definitely more fun for the guys than us girls. |
| Csaba: Ah, yes. But it also had more sense of tradition. After this whole ceremony, you eat a lot of sweets and cakes and probably drink a lot as well. |
| Simone: Well, when is that not part of a celebration? All right, let's go to the vocab. |
| The first word we shall see is? |
| Locsol. |
| Sprinkle. |
| Locsol. |
| Locsol. |
| Next? |
| Locsolóvers. |
| Easter limerick. |
| Locsolóvers. |
| Locsolóvers. |
| Next? |
| Húsvét. |
| Easter. |
| Húsvét. |
| Húsvét. |
| Next? |
| Csoki. |
| Chocolate. |
| Csoki. |
| Csoki. |
| Next? |
| Tojás. |
| Egg. |
| Tojás. |
| Tojás. |
| Next? |
| Nyúl. |
| Rabbit. |
| Nyúl. |
| Next? |
| Sem. |
| Neither. |
| Sem. |
| Sem. |
| Next? |
| Kellemes. |
| Nice. |
| Kellemes. |
| Kellemes. |
| Last? |
| Hideg. |
| Cold. |
| Hideg. |
| Hideg. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Simone: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Csaba: The first phrase is, Szabad locsolni? |
| Simone: And what does this mean? |
| Csaba: It means, “May I sprinkle water on you?” It is only used on Easter, although you can always try. |
| Simone: So the second word, locsolni, is? |
| Csaba: To sprinkle. And it also means to water. |
| Simone: All right, a bit of traditional Hungarian culture and language for you. |
| Csaba: Even better if you say: Szabad e locsolni? |
| Simone: One more time. |
| Csaba: Szabad e locsolni? The "e" sound doesn't really add to the meaning, and a grammar explanation is not necessary here, but it sounds a lot more authentic and traditional, old Hungarian. Szabad-e locsolni? |
| Simone: All right, this will make you sound like a local on Easter. |
| Csaba: Also, you have to know that if you're a guy, on Easter you are called the locsoló. |
| Simone: Repeat please. |
| Csaba: Locsoló. This word means "the person who does the sprinkling." |
| Simone: That's right. So why not use it in a typical Easter-related sentence for us? |
| Csaba: Én vagyok a locsoló. |
| Simone: "I am the sprinkler!" You have to state this before you launch the bucket of water or cologne. |
| Csaba: And the limerick? |
| Simone: That comes before "Én vagyok a locsoló." |
| Csaba: Easter limerick is locsolóvers. |
| Simone: We know locsoló. What is vers? |
| Csaba: Vers means poem. |
| Simone: Use it in a sentence, please. |
| Csaba: Mondok egy locsolóverset. |
| Simone: "I'll say a limerick!" |
| Simone: All right, we've got you all prepared for Easter now, listeners. |
| Csaba: Yes, and the rest is your job. A huge meal will help you stay sober. |
| Simone: Good advice. Ok, let’s go to grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Simone: In this lesson you're going to learn more about negation. |
| Csaba: We've had tons of sentences with the negation, but it is worth exploring in a more systematic way. The most straightforward way of using the negative nem is putting it in front of a conjugated verb. |
| Simone: Right, and by doing that, you negate the entire sentence. Give us an example for that, please, Csaba. |
| Csaba: Nem megyek iskolába. |
| Simone: "I'm not going to school." |
| Csaba: Nem megyek iskolába. "Megyek" is the conjugated verb, before which "nem" came. |
| Simone: All right, and one more like this. |
| Csaba: Tamás nem kér kávét. |
| Simone: "Thomas doesn't want coffee." |
| Csaba: Tamás nem kér kávét. Similar structure. |
| Simone: Okay, and what's next? |
| Csaba: You don't necessarily want to negate the entire sentence, just a part of it. Listen to this one: Tamás nem kávét kér. |
| Simone: "It is not coffee that Thomas wants." |
| Csaba: Tamás nem kávét kér. |
| Simone: So basically, whatever you put "nem" before, that part gets negated. We know Thomas wants something, but it's not coffee. Now let's see this one: Nem Tamás kér kávét. |
| Simone: Again, please. |
| Csaba: Nem Tamás kér kávét. |
| Simone: "It is not Thomas who wants coffee." |
| Csaba: Exactly. Now often when you negate one part of the sentence, another clause might follow, one starting with "but." In Hungarian, "hanem." |
| Simone: All right, let's see. |
| Csaba: Nem Tamás kér kávét, hanem Péter. |
| Simone: "It is not Thomas who wants coffee, but Péter." |
| Csaba: Nem Tamás kér kávét, hanem Péter. |
| Simone: "Hanem" means "but," then? |
| Csaba: I would say that it leads in the second clause in these cases. |
| Simone: Let's hear another example. |
| Csaba: We change direction and learn "neither." The Hungarian word for that is "sem." |
| Simone: "I'm not going either." |
| Csaba: Én sem megyek. Compare with: Én nem megyek. |
| Simone: "I'm not going." So, "sem" means "neither." |
| Csaba: Right. I think we can put this grammar part to bed, but the lesson notes, as usual, will contain more examples and sentences. |
Outro |
|---|
| Simone: Okay, that's it for this lesson. Thanks everyone. We'll see you next time. |
| Csaba: Sziasztok. |
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