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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HungarianPod101.com. This is Upper Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 25 - How Important is Education in Hungary? Eric here.
Lena: Hello. It’s Lena.
Eric: In this last lesson of the series, you’ll learn about word antonyms and their meanings in Hungarian. The conversation takes place at an office.
Lena: It's between Tom and Reka.
Eric: The speakers are co-workers, so they will use informal Hungarian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.

Lesson conversation

Réka: Mennyi időd van még hátra az egyetemből?
Tom: Nem kevesebb, mint három félév.
Réka: Uh, nem tudom hogy bírod, nekem az érettségi is sok volt...
Tom: Most nehéz, de én személy szerint úgy gondolom, a tanulás a legjobb befektetés.
Réka: Én inkább dolgozok és pénzt keresek, minthogy össze-vissza ingázzak a suli meg a munkahely között.
Tom: Néha tényleg úgy érzem, hogy jobbra-balra futkosok, de kezdem megszokni.
Réka: Már a felét túlélted. Nem gondolod, hogy csak az idődet vesztegeted?
Tom: Éppen ellenkezőleg! Időt nyerek... Én hamar fogok sok pénzt keresni!
Réka: Haha, én meg majd keresek egy gazdag pasit, aki majd eltart!
Tom: És te akkor mit fogsz csinálni?
Réka: Majd számolom a pénzt!
Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Reka: How much time do you have left at university?
Tom: No less than three semesters.
Reka: Wow, I don't know how you can do it... I felt that even a high school diploma was too much...
Tom: It is difficult now, but personally I think that learning is the best investment.
Reka: I would rather work and earn money than go back and forth between school and work.
Tom: Sometimes I really feel that I'm running around, but I'm getting used to it.
Reka: You've already survived half of it. Don't you think that you're wasting your time?
Tom: On the contrary! I'm saving time. I will earn a lot of money quickly!
Reka: (Laughing) And I will look for a rich guy who will earn money for me!
Tom: And what are you going to do then?
Reka: I'll count the money!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Eric: Nowadays, in every nation, women are slowly integrating into the world of business. Lena, what about in Hungary?
Lena: In Hungary, laws protect women with small children, and encourage women to get back and stay active at work. Women have the right to take 4 months of maternity leave, and up to 3 years without pay.
Eric: During these years, the employer can't terminate the contract and has to accept the mother when she comes back?
Lena: Right. Even though these laws are protecting working mothers, many women don't want or can't go back to work.
Eric: I see, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is..
Lena: hátra van [natural native speed]
Eric: to be left
Lena: hátra van[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: hátra van[natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: befektetés [natural native speed]
Eric: investment
Lena: befektetés [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: befektetés [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: minthogy [natural native speed]
Eric: rather than
Lena: minthogy [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: minthogy [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: ingázik [natural native speed]
Eric: to commute
Lena: ingázik [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: ingázik [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: futkos [natural native speed]
Eric: to run around
Lena: futkos [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: futkos [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: veszteget [natural native speed]
Eric: to waste
Lena: veszteget [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: veszteget [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Lena: ellenkezőleg [natural native speed]
Eric: on the contrary
Lena: ellenkezőleg [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: ellenkezőleg [natural native speed]
Eric: And last..
Lena: össze-vissza [natural native speed]
Eric: back and forth
Lena: össze-vissza [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Lena: össze-vissza [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is..
Lena: Jobbra-balra futkos
Eric: Which means “to run around”
Lena: Futkos is a verb that comes from fut meaning “to run”. Futkos means “to rush” or “to run about”. You can also use the synonym futkároz. Jobbra-balra means “to the right,” or “to the left”. Jobbra-balra futkos.
Eric: You can use this expression to describe a person who is running around without stopping. Lena, can you give us an example using this phrase?
Lena: Sure. For example, you can say... Egész nap jobbra-balra futkosok.
Eric: ..which means “I'm running around all day.” Okay, what's the next phrase?
Lena: Vesztegeti az idejét.
Eric: Which means “to waste one's time”
Lena: The verb veszteget means “to waste”. It comes from veszt which means “to lose”. You can also use veszteget in other expressions. For example…vesztegeti a pénzét.
Eric: Which means “to waste one's money”
Lena: Or vesztegeti az erejét.
Eric: “To waste one's energy”. Lena, can you give us an example using our phrase?
Lena: For example... A videojátékokra vesztegeti a drága idejét.
Eric: .. which means “He/she is wasting his/her precious time on video games.” Okay, what's the last phrase?
Lena: össze-vissza ingázik
Eric: Which means “to go back and forth”
Lena: The verb ingázik means “to commute”. Össze-vissza means “back and forth”, or implies “in a mess”. For example...Össze-vissza ingázok a város és vidék között.
Eric: “I'm going back and forth between the city and the countryside.”
Lena: You can use össze-vissza in a variety of contexts.
Eric: Can you give us some examples?
Lena: For example...össze-vissza beszél.
Eric: Which means “to talk nonsense”.
Lena: össze-vissza szaladgál
Eric: “To run up and down”
Lena: össze-vissza hazudozik
Eric: This means “to lie continuously”. Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn about word antonyms and their meanings in Hungarian. Word antonyms are used in a variety of contexts, but most frequently in everyday conversations.
Lena: Although there is no general rule about how to form these antonyms, you can easily form antonyms from prefixes like ki-be
Eric: ..which means “in and out”
Lena: and fel-le
Eric: “up and down”. Let’s see an overview of the most important antonyms in Hungarian! The first group is prefix-antonyms. The first one is…
Lena: össze-vissza
Eric: Which means “in a mess,” or “randomly”. Lena, can you give us some sample sentences?
Lena: Sure. For example...Össze-vissza beszél.
Eric: “He is talking nonsense.”
Lena: Össze-vissza futkosok egész nap.
Eric: “I’m running back and forth all day.” Ok! What's the next one?
Lena: Előre-hátra, which means “back and forth”. For example...Előre-hátra ringatja a hintát.
Eric: This means “He/she is swinging back and forth.”
Lena: Another example is...Előre-hátra ugrál.
Eric: “He/She is jumping back and forth.”
Lena: The next antonyms are..ide-oda.
Eric: Which means “here and there”. For example, you can say...
Lena: Ide-oda szaladgál.
Eric: “He/She is running here and there.”
Lena: Ide-oda megyek esténként.
Eric: “In the evenings, I’m going here and there.” OK, The second group includes verb antonyms. For example..
Lena: Jön-megy, which means “come and go,” or “to go back and forth”.
Eric: Lena, can you give us sample sentences?
Lena: For example...Jönnek-mennek a turisták nyáron.
Eric: “Tourists come and go in summer.”
Lena: Anyukám jön-megy egész nap.
Eric: “My mother goes back and forth all day”. What are the next verb-antonyms?
Lena: Él-hal which means “to be fan of something,” “to love,” “to die for”. For example..A lányom él-hal a sültkrumpliért.
Eric: “My daughter loves french fries.”
Lena: Élek-halok a csokiért.
Eric: “I’m dying for chocolate.” The next one is...
Lena: Sír-rí.
Eric: “To cry, to complain”
Lena: Folyton sír-rí, hogy nincs elég pénze.
Eric: “He/She is always complaining about not having enough money.”
Lena: A gyerekek sírtak-rítak a félelemtől.
Eric: “The children were crying of fear.” The next group is noun-antonyms. For example...
Lena: Keze-lába, which means “his/her hands and legs” . For example..Keze-lába remeg a félelemtől.
Eric: “His/her hands and legs are shaking of fear.”
Lena: Keze-lába átfagyott a nagy hidegben.
Eric: “His/her hands and legs were frozen in the cold.” What are the next noun antonyms?
Lena: Adás-vétel.
Eric: This means “sale and purchase”. Lena, can you give us some sample sentences?
Lena: Aláírták az adás-vételit.
Eric: “They signed the sales agreement.”
Lena: Itt adás-vétellel is foglalkoznak.
Eric: “They also do sale and purchase.” And the last group for this lesson includes adjectives and adverbs. For example..
Lena: Híres-neves, which means “very famous”. For example, you can say... Ő a híres-neves vőlegény.
Eric: “He’s the famous fiancé.”
Lena: Ez az a híres-neves kínai étterem!
Eric: “This is the very famous Chinese restaurant!”
Lena: Another example is...többé-kevésbé, “more or less”. For example...Többé-kevésbé egyetértek.
Eric: “I agree more or less.”
Lena: Ez a kettő többé-kevésbé ugyanaz.
Eric: “These two are more or less the same.”

Outro

Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson and this series. Thank you for listening, everyone. If you have any questions or comments about this series, please leave us a post at HungarianPod101.com. And we’ll see you in another series! Bye!
Lena: Viszontlátásra!

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